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Artificial Intelligence: Italy Leads the Development of Comprehensive Legislation

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Italy is significantly accelerating its efforts to regulate Artificial Intelligence, with the aim of building a comprehensive and structured regulatory framework. The government is implementing Law No. 132 of September 23, 2025, through the approval of implementing decrees that make the rules for AI management operational across various sectors. The regulatory path aims to ensure unified governance, avoiding fragmentation and defining a coherent system for institutions, businesses, and citizens.

Transposition of the AI Act and national AI governance

The Italian government is moving from the legislative drafting phase to full implementation, with the adoption of implementing decrees for Law 132 of 2025 on Artificial Intelligence. The objective is to build a comprehensive and coherent regulatory framework, capable of uniformly governing the use of AI across various sectors of society and the economy, thereby reducing fragmentation and regulatory overlaps.

These decrees represent a key step in transposing the European AI Act (EU Regulation 2024/1689) and contribute to defining a national framework that complements European legislation without replacing it, but rather integrating it into the Italian context. The system also aims to strengthen institutional AI governance by identifying competent authorities and coordination mechanisms between national bodies and the EU framework, with the goal of making control over high-impact systems and applications in sensitive sectors more effective.

Ministers' positions on security, justice, labor, and education

Several government representatives spoke during the Council of Ministers meeting to illustrate the measures contained in the decrees and their implications within their respective areas of competence.

Minister of Interior Matteo Piantedosi clarified that Artificial Intelligence will be used as a support tool for police forces, excluding mass surveillance systems and reaffirming the centrality of human oversight in security applications.

Minister of Justice Carlo Nordio highlighted the introduction of new sanctioning measures, including a specific offense for those who fail to adopt adequate security measures in AI systems.

Minister of Labor Marina Calderone emphasized the prohibition of exclusively automated decisions in employment relationships, while Minister of Education Giuseppe Valditara called for the integration of Artificial Intelligence into school and training curricula for the development of digital skills.

European positioning and the impact of the new regulatory system

Italy aims to be among the first European countries to adopt comprehensive and organic legislation on Artificial Intelligence, taking an active role in defining regulatory standards for the sector. The regulatory framework is not limited to transposing European guidelines but aims to build a structured national model that is also forward-looking.

The expected effects span multiple levels: greater clarity for institutions in managing digital public services, a more stable regulatory environment for businesses, and enhanced protection for citizens and workers, thanks to rules aimed at ensuring transparency, control, and accountability in the use of technology.

Conclusion

The regulatory evolution concerning Artificial Intelligence represents a structural step in the country's digital strategy. The integration of Law 132 of 2025 and its implementing decrees, read in conjunction with the transposition of the European AI Act, outlines a comprehensive regulatory system that aims to combine innovation, security, and the protection of rights. Italy thus positions itself among the most advanced countries in building a governance of Artificial Intelligence coherent and structured.

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